The War Of Wwi And The Versailles Treaty - 2369 Words

Again the Road to War (1933-1939) WWI and the Versailles Treaty had only a marginal (limited) relationship to the world Depression of the 1930s But in Germany, where the reparations settlement had contributed to the vast inflation of 1923, economic and social discontent focused on the Versailles settlement as the cause of all ills Throughout the late 1920s, Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party denounced Versailles as the source of Germany s troubles; the economic woes of the early 1930s seemed to bear them out This, coupled with Nazi party discipline and a message of fervent nationalism, helped Hitler overthrow the Weimar republic and take control of Germany Hitler s Goals Hitler s racial theories and goals were central to his thought He meant to go far beyond Germany s 1914 borders to bring the entire a German people (Volk), understood as a racial group, into a single nation The new Germany would include all the Germanic parts of the old Habsburg Empire, including Austria This virile nation would need more space to live (Lebensraum), which would be taken from the Slavs, a lesser race Lebensraum- German for living space, the term refers to the Nazi plan to colonize and exploit Eastern Europe. The new Germany would be purified by the removal of the Jews, the most inferior race in Nazi theory The plan required the conquest of Poland and the Ukraine as the primary areas for the settlement of Germans and for the provision of food However, neither Mein Kampf nor laterShow MoreRelatedThe War I And World War II Essay1639 Words   |  7 PagesThe â€Å"Thirty Years War† World War I and World War II are the largest military conflicts in history. In 1919, Europe attempted to reconstruct the damage left by WWI. After WWI, with the Treaty of Versailles, Germany was left destroyed and destabilized, which eventually laid out the foundation for WWII. The harsh terms of the Treaty of Versailles led to the aggression of Germany. 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AtRead MoreTreaty Of Versailles Easy Assignment1347 Words   |  6 PagesTreaty of Versailles Easy Assignment Ultimately, the international community and The Treaty of Versailles played an exponential roll in the onset of WW2 by putting too harsh of conditions on Germany. The Treaty of Versailles forced Germany to take complete blame for WWI, practically abolished the German Military, ruined the German economy, caused the loss of land, and caused countless other damages to the country. Thus upsetting and angering the German people. As the war came to an end, the stateRead MoreGermany s Decline Of Hitler s Rise1315 Words   |  6 PagesProfessor Brown History 172-02 15 December 2016 Germany’s decline leads to Hitler’s rise Adolf Hitler s rise to power in Germany was the result of severely polarizing political, economic, and social circumstances. Following WWI the global powers and victors of the Great War imposed crippling stipulations on an already devastated Germany. 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Behavioral Challenges Client From Field - 2181 Words

Behavioral Challenges Client from Field The Client is a 17-year-old African American female who was removed from her mother’s care in 2013, and resides in a residential treatment program under the custody of the state. The client currently attends a special education school due to a speech impediment and behavioral disturbances. The client was referred to the screening center on this occasion after running out of the school building and threatening to run out into traffic as a suicide attempt. The client’s teacher mocked her speech impediment in front of the entire class, which triggered aggression and suicidal ideations. The client threw a soda at the teacher, and was put into a physical restraint, but when she was able to break free,†¦show more content†¦Youth who were removed from their families are not only exposed to being separated from caregivers, but there also can be issues concerning physical and emotional trauma, as well as genetic factors that could alter a person’s mood and behav ior (Rutter, 2000). Elevated behavioral issues amongst youth receiving residential care are extremely common and there are multiple studies that identify behavioral difficulties as a primary characteristic (James, Roesch, Zhang, 2011). The behavioral concerns that this population presents with could hinder them from actually being placed, and interfere with successfully discharging from the group home. It should be noted that being of an older age group during admission into the foster care setting, and having history of juvenile delinquency and behavioral disturbances within the first couple of months of living in a residential setting, automatically correlates with unsuccessful discharges (Piotrkowski Baker, 2004). According to the Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System, in 2014 there were 415,129 minors in foster care by the end of September and 264,746 minors who entered the foster care system within the fiscal year (UDHHS, 2015). There were 107,918 children wh o were waiting to be adopted at the end of September, 2014 (UDHHS, 2015). Of those children, there were approximately 14,000 of them who entered the foster care system between the ages of 11-17 years old, which gives these children an increased

The Natural of Semantic Change Free Essays

SEMANTICS THE NATURE OF SEMANTIC CHANGE Presented by group 9: Riva Nugraha Jiwa 0910733154 Alfi Nurhidayati 1010731008 Nadia Turrahmi 1010732014 ENGLISH DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF HUMANITIES ANDALAS UNIVERSITY INTRODUCTION 70 years ago, Edward Sapir introduced a new concept of linguistics. He said that language moved on every time and then created their own forms and never static. Every word, every grammatical element, proverbs, sounds and accents configured which was changed slowly and this was the ways how a language could long lasting. We will write a custom essay sample on The Natural of Semantic Change or any similar topic only for you Order Now This concept of language made the other linguists interested. The change of meaning could happen because of some reasons, according to Millet a meaning could change easily because of the discontinuous from one generation to the other generations, the blur of meaning, the lost of motivation, the appearance of polysemy, there are some ambiguous contexts, vocabulary structures, and so on. The nature of semantic change can be divided into some categories, metaphor, metonymy, popular etymology, ellipsis, and also some consequences change of meaning. SEMANTIC CHANGE A. The nature of semantic change Aksioma Leibniz said â€Å"natura non facit saltus† that means the nature changed indirectly and slowly, this sentence also can we applied in change of meaning. Every changing had their each reason and always related and associated from the old meaning into the new meaning. One of semantics tradition looks up meaning as â€Å"the interrelationship between name and meaning†. So, we can conclude that change of meaning divide into two types: change of meaning based on association of meaning-meaning, and also name-name. Every type can be differs into similarity ad contiguity. . Metaphor Metaphor is important in language because it can make them more creative and aesthetics, it is common in literary field such as poem. Metaphor has some functions in everyday life, there are as the motivation, expression ways, as the source of synonym and polysemy, to fill the blank in vocabulary, and the way to express the emotion, etc. The structure of metaphor is simple, it always said one thing is another thing. It does not use the word as, like, and comparative words and other, this case make the reader try to find the similarities. For example: a) Her home is a prison, in this case her home have same characteristic of prison, we can imagine that she can’t leave her home, she tapped inside, and maybe afraid of the outside. b) The police man let him off by a yellow card, in this sentence ‘yellow card’ refers to warning, the original sense is in soccer player a yellow card that the referee shows to the player when cautioning them and give the second chance to introspect themselves. c) in Indonesian language we can take the example Gonzales menanduk bola, we know that Gonzales is a human and he did the work which is did by an animal buffalo. In this case, menanduk have same meaning with the other, because it refers to an action using a head, in human we call menyundul and in buffalo we cal menanduk. * Anthropomorphic metaphor The person who is interested toward this kind of metaphor is Giambattista Vico, he said that in every language the most part of expression refer to inanimate, compared by transferring from any part of body, sense, and also the emotion of human being. For example: a) in Indonesian language: jantung kota, bahu jalan, mulut sungai, etc. b) in English language muscle comes from Latin language musculus that means ‘little mouse’. Animal metaphor This category applied for animal or inanimate types, many plants using animal’s name to call them. For example: a) lidah buaya, kumis kucing, jambu monyet, etc. b) in English there are some plants with animal’s name goat’s-beard and dog’s tail. Beside that, there are animal’s name transferred into human being for des cribe humor, irony, and other. For example: si beo, the speaker use this word toward the other because they have same characteristic or their action refer to the animal itself. * From concrete to abstract One of the tendency in metaphor is explaining the abstract into the concrete, when we try to find the abstract word at first we must know the concrete one. For example in English light ‘sinar, cahaya, lampu’ which is concrete, when this word close to the other morpheme they sometimes become abstract like highlights ‘menyoroti’. If it compares to Indonesian language the condition is same, for example the concrete one is ‘sinar, cahaya’, it become abstract metaphor in sorot mata, hidupnya sedang bersinar, ajarannya menyinari dunia, harta yang menyilaukan, and so on. Synaesthetic metaphor This metaphor based on the transferred of one sense to the other sense, for example from sense of hearing to sight, from touch to sound, etc. If we talk about the sound which is warm and cool, we can see that there are the similarities between temperatures with the kind of sounds. The structure of metaphor begin in literary works when the raising of symbolism era. We can see from one of Shakespeare’s work: I see a voice; now will I to the chink To spy an I can hear my Thisby’s face 2. Metonymy Metonymy involves some sort of connection between concepts, but in this case there is no similarity between them, but they are closely linked in some other way. Metonymy can divide into the association they based on. First, metonymy transfer based on spaces and places. The change of meaning the Latin word coxa ‘pinggul’ into France language cuisse ‘pupu;paha’ it explained that pinggul and paha is our part of body which is close and do not have correct constraint. Second, metonymy transfer based on time or temporal. The name of action or event can be transferred into something that predate and follow the change. For example, in English, ‘collation’ now defined into different meaning ‘perbandingan’ and ‘makanan ringan’ where as both of them are relates. Previously, in Catholic ceremony the reading from Collationes Patrum by Cassian usually read before the end of mass, it followed by snack which called collation because the snack related with the reading. So, the name of book followed by the snack that also consume in the close time in mass period. Third, the relation can create the change of metonymy, there are some part that is important but sometime it divide into own category, or we can call it pars pro toto. For example in Indonesia, ‘pasukan baju kuning’ it refers to the group who clean up the road. And the last metonymy is simple and famous because we don’t need the worst and crucial speech. We know that most of the founder named something which they found by their name. For example, the terminology in electricity ampere, volt, ohm named by the founder Andre Ampere, Count Allessandro Volta, and Georg Simon Ohm. . Popular Etymology Etymology is the branch of linguistics that studies the origin and development of words and other linguistic forms. The examples of the areas that are studied include the earliest origins of a word, how its meanings and connotations have changed, the meanings and origins of its component parts, whether or how it has spread to other languages, and how its meaning or use has b een influenced by other words. The history of a word also is called its etymology. For example, France language forain become English foreign which come from Latin foranus, one of derivative from Latin foris ‘tidak dengan; ke luar negeri; the nature meaning is the foreign as we used in English. 4. Ellipsis Words which often occur side by side are act to have a semantic influence on each other. We have already sees an example of this in the history of negation in French. The commonest form which this influence takes in ellipsis. In a set phrase made up of two words, one of these it omitted and its meaning it transferred to its partner. For example, in Jakarta’s dialect ‘tidak tahu’, sometimes just utter in ‘tahu’. B. The consequences of the change of meaning * The change in the area of meaning Many older writer divide change of meaning in three categories, there are: extension, restriction, and the last that do not grouped into both of them. The division can called as â€Å"logical division† they also has some weaknesses, although the division is simple and easy. The division does not give clearly describing about the formal form in causes or the background how it can be changed. And then, the third division just grouped because can’t let in first and second division. Truthfully the basic is the meaning become wide or narrow and continuously by the time. 1). Restriction This change make the meaning of certain word become restrict and the intense become more variable. For example, English ‘poison’ means racun, first the word come from ‘potion’ that means ‘beer’ because beer can damage our body and sometimes make somebody die. Later poison just use to refer the drink that can make somebody die, not to all of beer. 2). Extension In extension meaning, the word can be applied in large contexts by following the time the intense become weaker and something that referred become smaller. For example, arriver in France and arrive in English, this word come from Latin arripare, it become ripa ‘tepi sungai; pantai’ because it refers to the coming of someone. * The changes in evaluation: pejorative and ameliorative 1). Pejorative The change caused the word become lower or negative than before, for example: ‘perempuan’ come from ‘empu’ that means ‘ibu jari’ it should be has higher meaning. But nowadays, ‘perempuan’ is lower if compare to ‘wanita’. 2). Ameliorative The change caused the word become higher and positive than before, for example: ‘minister’ at first define as ‘minus or slave’ but nowadays the meaning become higher into ‘the person who stayed in governmental system. CONCLUSION The Nature of Semantic Change, there is must always be some connection, some association between the old and the new meaning, association is the necessary condition of semantic change. Meaning is determined by three factors: the objective reference (the referent), the subjective apprehension (the subject, i. e. the speaker or the hearer) and the traditional range (the word). Any change has as its immediate cause a change in one of these three relations. Types of semantic change: Similarity of the senses (metaphor), Contiguity of the senses (metonymy), Similarity of the names (folk etymology), Contiguity of the names (ellipsis), all of these types is changes that occur with time. Reference: * Ullman, Stephen. 2011. Pengantar Semantik. Pustaka Pelajar: Yogyakarta How to cite The Natural of Semantic Change, Essay examples

Operations Management Management

Question: Write an essay on Operations Management? Answer: Introduction Markeaton Park id one of the most visited centres in the East Midlands area, which offers a wide range of activities for recreation and adventure. However, there has been lack of investment in the infrastructure of the park over the years which has lead it to worn out, although the park is still having a good reputation among the visitors as a good place to visit but if the present condition continues then there will be a decline which will be self perpetuating. This study discusses the present issues in the infrastructure, and the major challenges that the park is facing. The researcher has also mentioned the possible recommendations for making the park a better, well-managed place. Improvements to the park The improvement of Markeaton Park needs the implementation of proper management, maintenance and development to take place, which demands a framework work for carrying out the process (Schroeder et al. 2011). The primary purpose of the plan will be to support funding towards the restoration works for Markeaton Park. Markeaton Park is a designated city park serving a catchment up to 5000 meters, which extend a big area for covering Derby's population. For better improvement of the park, it is important to know about the major hindrances that are there for attaining the desired results. The theory of Constraints As per the theory, every system, no matter how well it is performing, has at least one constraint, which will add to the limitation of the overall performance, the theory is used for identification of the constraint and carry out restructuring so that the constraint can be overcome (Brown et al. 2013). There are certain steps, which are to be followed for achieving the goals. The steps involve identifying the weakest link in the system and realize which the factor that is holding the performance back is. The underlying idea of the theory is that organizations can be measured and controlled by three measures which are through put, operational expense and inventory, so that before reaching the goal necessary conditions are met. Theory of constraints is based on the premise that the rate of achievement of goal by a goal-oriented system is limited by at least one constraint (Shang and Ployhart, 2014). If it is assumed that the goal of a system is articulated then the steps to be followed will involve: Identifying the systems constraints Deciding how the constraint be exploited Subordinating everything to the decision made Evaluation of the performance In case of the Markeaton Park as well the primary need is the identification of the constraints in the system of the park. Even if the place is still preferred by visitors, but there are many improvement to be done in the infrastructure of the park. One of the major contributions for the improvement of Markeaton park is the Heritage Lottery Fund project, which aims to deliver the vision f the park and also the much needed improvements as well. Having realized that the major constraints of the park is the infrastructure, the project aims to restore, protect and carry on the management of the park for enjoyment and use of present and future generations (Gunasekaran and Ngai, 2012). It also aims to develop and hence existing and new facilities that meets the needs of the current users, deliver a comprehensive programme of activities and various events. The management of the park also involves the promotion and enhancement of the understanding of the public for providing guidance in the use of the services provided in the park. The overall improvement process of the infrastructure aim to benefit the community along with developing a new Park Management system structure for providing a professional, responsive and accountable team, for making the park an accountable and safe place to visit (Brown et al. 2013). Green issues (how the park can be more eco friendly) The major green issues faced by the park are Air pollution contributed by parks indirectly, which massively uses the amount of required energy for keeping the park up and running nicely. This not only includes the use of resources but also emission of carbon dioxide An attraction that draws in large crowds of people for extended periods of time especially one that has much concession stands is bound to create and collect a lot of trash. Some of the trash can be recycled, but those materials will still need to be sorted and taken to a recycling facility, increasing the consumption of fossil fuels. Trash that cannot be recycled typically ends up in a landfill, where it contributes to global warming by emitting methane, a greenhouse gas, as it decays. Another form of waste that increases dramatically when crowds of people are brought into a contained area is human waste. To address this properly, the park must build its own sewage treatment facility, which requires energy and water to operate, or be connected to the sewage system of a nearby community a system that can easily be overwhelmed by the park's needs. Water usage varies from theme park to theme park, but water rides are popular attractions at many and those rides require significant amounts of water to make them operational. A lot of the water used for rides is recycled, but the park still requires a massive quantity of water when the rides are first installed (Rand, 2013). The basic upkeep of the park's attractions can also put a strain on local water supplies --- cleaning acres of walkways, buildings and equipment and caring for acres of landscaping both require substantial amounts of water. Depending on the park's location, the impact on the environment can be quite drastic. Most theme parks aren't built in urban areas where they are replacing existing buildings or asphalt lots. Just by using the visitor's centre, the visitor will be more informed about how to protect the park., the visitor centre's valuable informational displays, which will provide ecological context should be provided (Gunasekaran and Ngai, 2012) Focus on reusable water bottles, which are better for the environment, and which also provide the added bonus of helping avoid inflated prices on bottled water. Minimise use of pesticides and herbicides, including a reasoned justification where used Encourage greater responsibility by the public for removing their own litter to either take home or deposit in larger central collection points and to use recycling facilities Working with Grounds Maintenance to improve the recycling and use of green waste material produced on the park Promoting the recycling and composting as part of an education programme focussed on horticulture and healthy living (Krajewski et al. 2012) Recommendations From the study, there are a number of recommendations that can be made for better improvement of Markeaton Park: Establishing a clear hierarchical structure of entrances in accordance to the importance, along with the use of proper signage Enhancing the main entrance of the park and also provide an entrance statement which would define that this is the main entrance to the visitors and the passing by Creation of clear sense of direction and orientation for the people entering the park by combining a good design, and using landmarks Instigating program of work and management work for enhancing and cleaning up the boundary Reviewing long-term future for building of depot with a view to the replacement with alternative and better quality building or removal Developing and implementing a full signage strategy for the park as a part of the interpretation strategy that will set out guidelines for the purpose, design, use, location, maintenance and review. This all would cover permanent and temporary signs that are needed for one off events, reviewing of the brown signs location and information to ensure that they are correct and do not give mixed messages. They also provide the entrance signs, which would help, define entrances and provide information to help visitors orientate themselves. Signage should reflect entrance hierarchy. Designing and installing permanent signs and notice board for temporary signage providing more and improved information regarding the park and how it should be accessed. Creation of central information point is very important where the visitors can access information about the park at any point of time (Pengand Lai, 2012). Developing a well-coordinated and enhanced programme of activities that promote health and the well-being on the park, the activities will also enhance the healthy living. Improvement of play facilities, and footpath network along with the availability of the new routes of cycle is also involved in the development of improved infrastructure of the park. Identification and prioritizing of the program of replacement, repairs and maintenance of infrastructure is important to carry out evaluation of the performance. This will ensure all facilities; equipment and other features of the park are safe for using. Updating the risk assessment and procedures in conjunction of development of park and improvement to facilities are also vital for development. Conclusions The study explains the major problems faced by the Markeaton Park in UK. The park is currently facing issues despite of being a preferable spot to visit. The discussion throws an insight on the problems, the possible implementation of the compatible theory and the recommendation that might help the managers to bring about a more efficient infrastructure. The various green issues faced by parks and the possible solutions have been discussed. References Barratt, M., Choi, T. Y. and Li, M. (2011). Qualitative case studies in operations management: Trends, research outcomes, and future research implications.Journal of Operations Management,29(4), 329-342. Peng, D. X.,and Lai, F. (2012). Using partial least squares in operations management research: A practical guideline and summary of past research.Journal of Operations Management,30(6), 467-480. Krajewski, L. J., Ritzman, L. P., and Malhotra, M. K. (2012).Operations management. Pearson Education Limited. Gunasekaran, A., and Ngai, E. W. (2012). The future of operations management: an outlook and analysis.International Journal of Production Economics,135(2), 687-701. Naor, M., Bernardes, E. S., and Coman, A. (2013). Theory of constraints: is it a theory and a good one?.International Journal of Production Research,51(2), 542-554. Rand, G. K. (2013). Theory of constraints. InEncyclopedia of Operations Research and Management Science(pp. 1545-1545). Springer US. Golmohammadi, D. (2015). A study of scheduling under the theory of constraints.International Journal of Production Economics,165, 38-50. Brown, S., Bessant, J. R., and Lamming, R. (2013).Strategic operations management. Routledge. Gunasekaran, A., and Ngai, E. W. (2012). The future of operations management: an outlook and analysis.International Journal of Production Economics,135(2), 687-701. Shang, G., and Ployhart, R. E. (2014). A critical evaluation of alternative methods and paradigms for conducting mediation analysis in operations management research.Journal of Operations Management,32(4), 127-137. Brown, S., Blackmon, K., Cousins, P., and Maylor, H. (2013).Operations management: policy, practice and performance improvement. Routledge. Schroeder, R. G., Goldstein, S. M., and Rungtusanatham, M. J. (2011). Operations management.